Porphyromonas gingivalis promotes the motility of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by activating NF-κB signaling pathway

Esophageal carcinoma, with a increasing incidence, is one of the most aggressive carcinomas in gastrointestinal tract. Epidemiologic studies demonstrate an association of oral pathogens with multiple diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and gastrointestinal malignancies. Nevertheless, a causal relationship between oral pathogens and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been elucidated. Here, we found that Porphyromonas was significantly enriched in the saliva of patients with ESCC, compared with that in normal human. In vitro studies showed that Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) promoted the proliferation and motility of ESCC cells, as evidenced by up regulated expression of key molecules implicated in NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings, for the first time, demonstrated a role of oral pathogens in inducing ESCC tumorigenesis and metastasis, which might involve regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway.     

A Carbon Footprint of High‐Speed Railways in China: A Case Study of the Beijing‐Shanghai Line

A carbon footprint (CF) assessment of Chinese high‐speed railways (HSRs) can help guide further development of the world's longest HSR network. In this research, a hybrid economic input‐output and life cycle assessment (EIO‐LCA) method was applied to estimate the CF of the Beijing‐Shanghai HSR line. Specific CFs were analyzed of different subsystems of the line, different stages of production, and three calculation scopes. Results showed that the annual CF of the Beijing‐Shanghai HSR is increasing, whereas the per‐passenger CF constantly declined between 2011 and 2014. Scope 1 emissions account for an average of 4% of the total annual CF, Scope 2 contribute 71%, and Scope 3 comprise 25%. Among the different stages, operation contributes the largest (71%), followed by construction (20%) and maintenance (9%). In the construction stage, the bridges have the largest CF, followed by trains, and then rails. A trade‐off exists between the increase in carbon emissions due to construction of bridges and the reduction in operation emissions affected by leveling changes in terrain. The Beijing‐Shanghai HSR line has a relatively higher per‐passenger CF than eight other HSR lines, which is largely due to China's coal‐based carbon‐intensive energy mix of electricity generation, high proportion of bridges, higher operating speed, and heavier train body. In the future, cleaner electricity supply options, more efficient raw material production, and improvement of trains are keys to reducing the CF of Chinese HSRs.     

聚叶钗子股-中国兰科新记录种及形态特征增补(英文稿)

报道了产自滇东南的中国兰科植物一新记录种--聚叶钗子股（Luisia appressifolia Averyanov）。研究发现,已往文献报道该种时,对其花部特征（如花颜色、萼片及花瓣形状、大小等）的描述仅依据腊叶标本,因标本严重失水导致描述信息不准或缺失。本文根据新鲜植株和花部材料对该种相关形态特征给予了补充。     

聚叶钗子股—中国兰科新记录种及形态特征增补（英文）

报道了产自滇东南的中国兰科植物一新记录种——聚叶钗子股(Luisia appressifolia Averyanov)。研究发现,已往文献报道该种时,对其花部特征(如花颜色、萼片及花瓣形状、大小等)的描述仅依据腊叶标本,因标本严重失水导致描述信息不准或缺失。本文根据新鲜植株和花部材料对该种相关形态特征给予了补充。     

中国无尾两栖类新记录种——朝鲜侧褶蛙北大核心CSCD

2021年9月在沈阳市蒲河湿地公园(41°41′54″N,122°52′19″E,海拔35 m)采集到3号无尾两栖类动物,经形态特征比较确认为侧褶蛙属(Pelophylax)金线侧褶蛙种组(P.plancyi species complex)的物种。基于线粒体12S rRNA和16S rRNA基因联合构建的侧褶蛙属部分物种最大似然系统发育树显示,采集到的侧褶蛙标本与朝鲜侧褶蛙(P.chosenicus)聚为一支,且具有较高的支持率(0.95)。综合形态和系统发育比较,确定采集到的标本为无尾目(Anura)蛙科(Ranidae)侧褶蛙属的朝鲜侧褶蛙,系中国两栖动物分布新记录种。     

西北地区三维生态足迹生态安全评价及驱动力分析

西北地区生态脆弱,进行生态安全评估和驱动力分析具有重要意义。选取土地利用影像和植被净初级生产力产品叠加细化均衡因子和产量因子,利用三维生态足迹改进模型测算和空间刻画西北地区2009—2017年的足迹深度,足迹广度和区域三维生态足迹;然后基于上述结果计算生态压力指数、生态协调系数、生态足迹多样性指数、流量资本占用率和存量资本流量利用比描述生态安全变化;最后用STIRPAT扩展模型结合主成分回归模型分析三维生态足迹演变的主要驱动因素。结果表明：(1)2009—2017年研究区的区域足迹广度总体上呈现为先升后降的趋势,2009年最低为3.116 hm~2/人,2016年达到最高为3.796 hm~2/人;区域足迹深度研究期内一直上升,从2009年的11.550 hm~2/人上涨为19.031 hm~2/人;三维生态足迹研究期内也一直增加,由6.006 hm~2/人增加为9.760 hm~2/人。(2)研究区2009—2017年整体生态安全持续恶化,生态压力不断增大,其中宁夏生态安全形势严峻,新疆和陕西生态环境脆弱,甘肃生态安全程度相对较差,青海生态安全良好;不同地区地类的安全状况基本不同,但...     

环足施氏冠蜂——中国新记录种（膜翅目：冠蜂科）

本文结合形态学特征和线粒体COI基因分子数据,记述了采集于我国山东省的冠蜂科一新记录种：环足施氏冠蜂Schlettererius cinctipes (Cresson, 1880),详细描述了该种的形态特征,并提供鉴定特征图以及COI序列。通过与来自于北美、日本和澳洲的环足施氏冠蜂的COI序列对比,相似度达到99.79%。虽然环足施氏冠蜂在我国的寄主未能明确,但由于该蜂从松幽天牛Asemum amurense Kraatz, 1879为害的松木中羽化出来,能为其寄主的确定提供参考。研究标本分别保存在华南农业大学膜翅目标本室（SCAU）和山东省林业科学研究院林业有害生物标本室。     

First fossil fruits of Elaeocarpus (Elaeocarpaceae) in East Asia: Implications for phytogeography and paleoecology

The genus Elaeocarpus contains approximately 360 species and occurs in mesic forest communities from India, through to China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, and New Caledonia. Elaeocarpus fossils are best known from the Eocene to the Miocene of Australia and the late Pliocene–early Pleistocene of India, but have not been documented from East Asia before. Here we describe six new species of Elaeocarpus, E. nanningensis sp. nov. from the late Oligocene Yongning Formation of the Nanning Basin, E. presikkimensis sp. nov. from the Miocene Erzitang Formation of the Guiping Basin, E. prerugosus sp. nov., E. prelacunosus sp. nov., E. preserratus sp. nov., and E. preprunifolioides sp. nov. from the late Miocene Foluo Formation of the Nankang Basin in Guangxi, South China. This is the first reliable report for the genus occurring in East Asia, and the fossils indicate that Elaeocarpus had colonized this region by the late Oligocene and represented by a morphologically diverse group of species by the late Miocene. This sheds new insights into the timing and migration patterns of the genus in East Asia. Elaeocarpus is typically a rainforest genus occurring in mesic forests. Based on the habitat of their morphologically similar modern relatives we propose that these three sedimentary basins were warm and wet adjacent to mountainous regions with the evergreen or rain forests during the late Oligocene to Miocene.     

The evolutionary relationships of the earliest known cycloneuralians and a new record from the Cambrian Fortunian of South China

The Cambrian Fortunian Kuanchuanpu Formation and coeval strata in southern Shaanxi and northern Sichuan Provinces contain phosphatic carbonate that has yielded unambiguous body fossils of cycloneuralians. To date, six genera and species as well as nine indeterminate forms have been reported, and they provided information on the earliest known cycloneuralians and ecdysozoans. Among them, an indeterminate form is critical for understanding the evolution of the Fortunian cycloneuralians, and here I formally name it as Xinliscolex intermedius n. gen. n. sp. It has a series of at least seven longitudinal spinose sclerites on the dorsal side, and sensory structures such as pores and tubules distributed randomly among the annuli. The trunk end has two pairs of bilaterally arranged caudal spines. Micro-CT analysis reveals the preservation of a pharynx with inverted introvert with internally hollow scalids, an esophagus, midgut and hindgut, and a terminal anus. The digestive tract of Xinliscolex intermedius resembles that of modern priapulids, implying that the earliest known cycloneuralians have evolved a relatively derived digestive system, and this lays a foundation for their further diversification and evolution.